Network Coordination between High-Voltage DC and High-Voltage AC Transmission Systems Using Flexible AC Transmission System Controllers

The strategic intent of the African Union is to develop a “Smart Integrated Electric Power Super Grid” driven by modern tools and advances in high-voltage direct current (HVDC) engineering flexible alternating technology systems (FACTS), which central supporting Africa’s sustained economic growth development. southern region, including South Africa, beset critical challenges perennial load-shedding, impedes aggravates unemployment. This has led insecurity electricity supplies degraded quality life. parallel operation AC (FACTS) controllers gaining traction as system conditions become more complex, such weak power networks requires increased stability requirements, resulting load-shedding outages. These adversely affect business productivity GDP growth. Thus, application innovative technologies HVDC links can stabilize systems. It established that delivery reduce losses long transmission lines transporting bulk compared with (HVAC) for wheeling. paper evaluates Cahora Bassa 1414 km bipolar link 400/330 kV (AC) link. demonstrates use FACTS enhance technical performance an existing network, voltage control, loss reduction. combines line commutated converter (LCC) HVAC lines, hybrid notation increase controlling reactive Static Var Compensator (SVC). controllability network. In this study, HVDC–LCC was used setpoint 1000 MW conjunction 850 MVAr SVC. results show were reduced 0.24% from 84.32 60.32 Apollo 275 SVC utilized control. network analysis performed using DIgSILENT PowerFactory software manufactured GmbH at Gomaringen, Germany